Mean Flow, Turbulent Structures, and SPOD Analysis of Thermal Mixing in a T-Junction with Variation of the Inlet Flow Profile

This paper investigates the effects of different inlet flow profiles on thermal mixing within a T-junction using CFD simulations with IDDES-SST turbulence model. The combinations are related to stage in entry region. profile mean and transient behaviour assessed, while spectral proper orthogonal decomposition power density analysis performed assess underlying structures predominant frequency modes. It is found that vortical associated horseshoe hovering vortex systems consist single roll-up for cases uniformly distributed boundary conditions (BCs) at branch whereas double observed other cases. enhances locally due entrainment fluid from pipe these structures, which then results lower temperature distribution. appearance secondary pair nested vortices delayed BCs inlet, again consequently higher values when compared also vorticity counter-rotating as well second rotating opposite direction inlet. Lastly, lead coherent dominant frequencies Strouhal number around 0.7 range 0.4–0.5